Ammonium Ferrous Sulphate: A Comprehensive Product Description

Ammonium ferrous sulphate, commonly referred to as “mohr’s salt,” is a chemical compound with the formula (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2·6H2O. This versatile and essential compound is recognized for its unique properties and diverse applications across various industries, including pharmaceuticals, fertilizers, and analytical chemistry. Its high solubility and stability make ammonium ferrous sulphate a crucial ingredient in numerous processes. This detailed product description explores its properties, applications, benefits, and safety measures, providing valuable insights for anyone interested in ammonium ferrous sulphate.

Chemical Properties

Composition and Structure

Ammonium ferrous sulphate consists of ammonium ions (NH4+), ferrous ions (Fe²+), and sulfate ions (SO4²−). The compound is typically found as a hexahydrate, meaning it contains six molecules of water for every molecule of ammonium ferrous sulphate, which contributes to its crystalline structure and solubility.

Physical Characteristics

• Appearance: Greenish crystalline solid
• Molecular Weight: Approximately 392.14 g/mol
• Solubility: Highly soluble in water
• Melting Point: Decomposes above 100 °C (212 °F)
• pH: Slightly acidic when dissolved in water

These properties make ammonium ferrous sulphate a valuable compound for various applications across multiple sectors.

Applications of Ammonium Ferrous Sulphate

1. Pharmaceuticals

Ammonium ferrous sulphate is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry as a source of iron. It plays a crucial role in treating iron deficiency anemia, providing a readily absorbable form of iron for individuals in need, particularly pregnant women and those with dietary restrictions. Its effectiveness as an iron supplement is well-documented, making it a staple in many multivitamin formulations.

2. Fertilizers

In agriculture, ammonium ferrous sulphate serves as an important micronutrient fertilizer. Its iron content is vital for plant growth, as it aids in the synthesis of chlorophyll and enhances overall plant health. By providing a readily available source of iron, this compound can improve crop yields and quality, especially in iron-deficient soils.

3. Water Treatment

Ammonium ferrous sulphate is utilized in water treatment processes as a coagulant. It helps remove impurities and suspended solids from water, enhancing its clarity and quality. This compound is particularly effective in municipal water treatment facilities, where it assists in the preparation of drinking water.

4. Analytical Chemistry

In laboratories, ammonium ferrous sulphate is used as a reagent for various analytical applications. It plays a significant role in redox titrations, where it is employed to determine the concentration of oxidizing agents. Its ability to react with specific substances makes it essential for accurate analytical results.

5. Dyeing and Tanning

Ammonium ferrous sulphate is also used in the dyeing and tanning industries. It acts as a mordant, helping to fix dyes onto fabrics and leather products. Its properties contribute to the stability and vibrancy of colors in textiles and leather goods.

Advantages of Using Ammonium Ferrous Sulphate

1. High Efficiency

Ammonium ferrous sulphate is highly effective in its applications, particularly in pharmaceuticals and agriculture. Its ability to provide a readily absorbable form of iron ensures efficient treatment of iron deficiency anemia, while its role in fertilizers promotes healthy plant growth.

2. Cost-Effectiveness

Compared to other iron sources and coagulants, ammonium ferrous sulphate is relatively inexpensive. This cost-effectiveness makes it an attractive option for industries seeking reliable solutions without significant financial investment.

3. Stability

Ammonium ferrous sulphate is stable under normal storage conditions, ensuring its reliability in various applications. Its solubility in water allows for easy incorporation into formulations and processes.

4. Versatility

The diverse applications of ammonium ferrous sulphate make it a highly versatile compound. Its effectiveness in pharmaceuticals, agriculture, water treatment, and analytical chemistry demonstrates its adaptability across multiple sectors.

How to Use Ammonium Ferrous Sulphate

1. In Pharmaceuticals

When using ammonium ferrous sulphate in pharmaceutical formulations:

• Measurement: Ensure accurate dosing according to established guidelines for iron supplementation.
• Mixing: Incorporate it into supplements or medications to achieve the desired therapeutic effect.
• Quality Control: Regularly test for purity and efficacy to maintain product standards.

2. In Fertilizers

For agricultural applications:

• Dosage: Apply ammonium ferrous sulphate according to soil tests and crop requirements. Typical application rates range from 50 to 200 kg/ha.
• Incorporation: Mix with soil or apply as a foliar spray for optimal nutrient uptake by plants.
• Monitoring: Regularly assess plant health and soil nutrient levels to adjust application rates as needed.

3. In Water Treatment

When using ammonium ferrous sulphate for water treatment:

• Dosage: Determine the appropriate dosage based on water quality and treatment goals. A typical range is 10-50 mg/L for coagulation.
• Mixing: Dissolve the compound in water before adding it to the treatment process to ensure even distribution.
• Monitoring: Regularly monitor water quality to assess the effectiveness of treatment and adjust dosage as necessary.

4. In Analytical Chemistry

In laboratory settings:

• Preparation: Dissolve ammonium ferrous sulphate in the appropriate solvent as required by the analysis.
• Protocol Adherence: Follow established laboratory methods for accurate and reliable results.

Safety and Handling

1. Toxicity

Ammonium ferrous sulphate is generally considered safe when handled properly; however, it can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system. It is important to take precautions to avoid exposure.

2. Protective Measures

When working with ammonium ferrous sulphate, it is crucial to:

• Wear Protective Gear: Use gloves, goggles, and appropriate protective clothing to minimize exposure risks.
• Ensure Ventilation: Work in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhaling dust or fumes.

3. Storage

Store ammonium ferrous sulphate in a cool, dry place away from incompatible substances. Ensure that containers are tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption, which can lead to degradation.

Conclusion

Ammonium ferrous sulphate is a versatile and essential compound utilized across various industries, including pharmaceuticals, fertilizers, water treatment, and analytical chemistry. Its unique properties, such as high efficiency and stability, make it an invaluable resource for professionals and manufacturers.

When purchasing ammonium ferrous sulphate, choose reputable suppliers that provide high-quality products and detailed safety data sheets. Understanding its applications, benefits, and safety measures will help you maximize the potential of this remarkable compound in your projects.

Whether you’re a healthcare professional, an agricultural expert, or a researcher conducting experiments in a laboratory, ammonium ferrous sulphate can meet your needs. Embrace the advantages of this compound and unlock new possibilities in your field!